Clef Notes

One of the biggest stories in classical music this month was the Chicago Symphony Orchestra’s announcement that 28-year-old Finnish conductor Klaus Mäkelä would be the storied ensemble’s next music director. Mäkelä will take over the reins in 2027 from the 82-year-old Italian conductor Riccardo Muti, who led the ensemble from 2010 to 2023. When Mäkelä’s contract begins, he will be only 31—the youngest conductor in the CSO’s history to hold the position. This 50-year gap in experience between the outgoing and incoming music director has led many to ask, is Mäkelä too green for the job, or is his youth an asset?

When Beyoncé’s latest single, “Texas Hold ’Em,” was released on Superbowl Sunday, it set the world abuzz in anticipation of a “country album” from the influential pop artist. But when Cowboy Carter was released on March 29, it became clear that it was much more than that. The record’s 27 tracks demonstrate an impressive array of stylistic influences and collaborators, perhaps the most unexpected of which is the 18th-century Italian art song “Caro mio ben.” “Caro mio ben” is one of the most popular Italian art songs of all time, made famous through its inclusion in the collection of Twenty-Four Italian Songs & Arias that sits on every voice teacher’s shelf.

Women make up over 50% of the world's population. Why should the celebration of women's history be confined to just one month? Building on last month's article introducing you to five contemporary female composers, we have a guest blog from John Frayne Classical Music Fellow Julia Escobar. For her doctoral project, Escobar is transcribing works for piccolo by ten female composers—some of them well known, like Florence Price and Lili Boulanger, others less so. Here, Escobar introduces us to six lesser-known female composers of the 19th century.

Paul Vermel, legendary conductor, educator, mentor, and orchestra builder, passed away on February 14, just five days before his 100th birthday. He was a professor of music at the University of Illinois and music director and conductor of both the University Symphony and Champaign-Urbana Symphony Orchestra (CUSO) from 1974 to 1994. The CUSO will perform a concert in his honor to close out its season on Saturday, April 20. The program will feature music Vermel conducted with the orchestra, including Alexander Arutiunian’s Trumpet Concerto with soloist John Hagstrom of the Chicago Symphony Orchestra. Read on to learn more about Maestro Vermel and to read remembrances from longstanding members of the CUSO and current music director and conductor Stephen Alltop.

Contrary to popular belief, classical musicians and composers have always had a good sense of humor. Mozart was a notorious potty-mouth, and Haydn loved a good musical surprise. But no musician had a better sense of humor than Peter Schickele, aka “P.D.Q. Bach.” The noted musical satirist passed away on January 16 at the age of 88. In preparation for April Fools’ Day, we look at some of Schickele’s best classical music gags as the “discoverer” of “the last and by far the least” of J. S. Bach’s progeny.

We met with composer Peter Boyer and pianist Jeffrey Biegel to discuss their new recording with the London Symphony Orchestra, Rhapsody in Red, White & Blue. Biegel commissioned Boyer to write a companion piece to George Gershwin's Rhapsody in Blue to honor the iconic work's hundredth birthday on February 12, 2024. While avoiding pastiche, Rhapsody in Red White & Blue tips its hat to Gershwin and captures the expansiveness of the American landscape. To promote the work, Biegel also devised the Rhapsody National Initiative, which will have him performing Boyer’s work with at least one orchestra in all 50 states.

March is Women's History Month. For too long, female composers of the past have been consigned to the footnotes of music history textbooks. However, the impact Clara Schumann had on the life and career of her husband, composer Robert Schumann, cannot be overstated. The primary breadwinner of the family, Clara not only birthed eight children, managed the household, and maintained an active performing and compositional career, but she also used her international reputation as a piano virtuoso to champion Robert's works both during and after his life. A trusted adviser, she encouraged him to set his sights higher and helped him craft some of his most beloved pieces. Read on to learn more about this remarkable woman.

In honor of Women’s History Month, we’re celebrating five extraordinary female composers making valuable contributions to classical music today. While we are growing more accustomed to seeing female composers' names on concert programs, this is a relatively recent trend. In 2022, the New York Times reported that compositions by women and people of color made up 23% of pieces performed by American orchestras, up from only 5% in 2015. NPR reported that no female composers appeared on the programs of either the Philadelphia Orchestra or the Chicago Symphony Orchestra in their 2018–19 seasons. None. Thanks in part to protests for racial justice after the murder of Geroge Floyd, the #MeToo movement, and the COVID-19 pandemic, the landscape has started to shift. However, there is still work to be done. Read on to learn about composers Caroline Shaw, Anna Clyne, Jessie Montgomery, Joan Tower, and Gabriela Lena Frank and to listen to selected works.

In honor of Black History Month, we delve into Singing Like Germans: Black Musicians in the Land of Bach, Beethoven, and Brahms by Kira Thurman. The book recounts the rich history of Black classical musicians training and performing in Austro-Germany from the 1870s to the 1960s. Thurman argues that the presence of Black musicians in Germany simultaneously challenged and bolstered the concept of the universality of German art music—and, therefore, what it meant to be German—at a pivotal time when national borders were being drawn and redrawn. The eye-opening book sheds light on the lives and careers of individual artists and their place within broader historical events, offering unique insight into both American and European history and the intersection of racism, nationalism, and the arts. Read on to learn more about this fascinating book.

Classical musicians always get short shrift at the Grammys. While the pop awards ceremony is a great spectacle watched by millions ever year, the awards for classical music and other non-mainstream categories are not even televised (though this year they will be live-streamed). In anticipation of the 2024 GRAMMY Awards on February 4, read our editor's picks for the classical categories and listen to recommended selections.